Instagram, Facebook Global Outage Sparks User Frustration

In a surprising turn of events, social media giants Instagram and Facebook experienced a widespread service disruption, leaving users across the globe unable to access these popular platforms. The outage, which began late on Tuesday, prompted a flurry of frustrated users to express their grievances on alternative social media platforms, particularly Twitter.

Meta, the parent company led by CEO Mark Zuckerberg, acknowledged the issue, and Meta Communications Director Andy Stone assured users that a fix is currently underway. WhatsApp, another platform owned by Meta, seems unaffected at the time of reporting.

According to outage monitoring service Downdetector, the service interruption began around 8:33 pm local time in India, with over 19,290 reports of outages logged from across the country. The impact of this recent outage transcended India, affecting Instagram users in numerous countries worldwide, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Users expressed their frustration at being unable to view photos and profile pictures within the Instagram app, emphasizing the widespread impact on the user experience. Downdetector's data highlighted the concentration of problems in major Indian cities, including Bengaluru, Delhi, Lucknow, Nagpur, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, and Hyderabad.

Meta has a dedicated status page indicating the current status of its business products, which currently shows a Major Disruptions label for services such as Facebook, Graph, and WhatsApp Business.

Stay tuned for more updates on this developing story.

Mind-Blowing New Technologies That Can Change the World

Upcoming technology 

There are many exciting technologies that are currently being developed or are expected to be released in the near future. Some examples include:

5G networks: 

5G is the next generation of cellular network technology, which promises faster speeds, lower latency, and better connectivity. This will enable new use cases such as high-definition video streaming, virtual reality, and the Internet of Things.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: 

These technologies are becoming more advanced and capable, and are being applied to a wide range of fields, from healthcare to finance to transportation.

Quantum Computing: 

Quantum computing is a new type of computing that uses quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. It has the potential to solve problems that are currently unsolvable with classical computers.

Self-driving cars: 

Self-driving cars are vehicles that are capable of sensing their environment and navigating without human input. They are expected to improve safety, increase efficiency, and reduce the need for human drivers.

Blockchain: 

Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that enables the secure and transparent transfer of digital assets. It has the potential to revolutionize industries such as finance, supply chain management, and voting systems.

Biotechnology and Genetic engineering:

Biotechnology and genetic engineering are advancing rapidly, with new tools and techniques allowing scientists to manipulate the genetic makeup of organisms in ways that were once thought impossible. These technologies have enormous potential for addressing some of the world's most pressing problems, such as disease, food insecurity, and climate change.

These are just a few examples of the many exciting technologies that are currently being developed or are expected to be released in the near future.

Data Science vs Software Engineering: Do You Know the Difference?

Data Science vs Software Engineering, what is the Difference.(image source: GFG )

Data science and software engineering are two fields that have a lot in common, but also have distinct differences. Both fields play a crucial role in the development of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, IoT, Cloud, and Blockchain. However, there is often confusion about where one field ends and the other begins.

One of the main differences between data science and software engineering is the use of data. Software engineers are primarily involved in front-end or back-end development, developing operating systems, and designing software. They do not typically need to use data as the software programs are supposed to be universal and work for any type of data. On the other hand, data scientists work on predictive models and develop machine-learning capabilities based on the data generated by those models.

Another difference is the type of algorithms used. Software engineering is meant for creating tools and products that can generate the same result every time they run. Data science, on the other hand, is more focused on predicting outcomes rather than delivering fixed results. Data science relies heavily on mathematics and statistics, and the predictions made by data scientists are based on probability rather than certainty.

Data scientists and software engineers also use different tools. Software engineers typically use SQL databases and programming languages such as Java, JavaScript, and Python. Data scientists, on the other hand, use SQL databases and Hadoop data stores, as well as Excel and statistical software such as SAS and R. Python is the most commonly used programming language in data science, and data scientists also use tools such as Jupyter, which allows them to document their process as they work.

Finally, data scientists and software engineers also have different degrees of autonomy. Software engineers often work in large groups, as code development is a collective task. Data scientists, on the other hand, may have more autonomy and may work independently or in smaller teams.

In conclusion, data science and software engineering are two fields that have a lot in common, but also have distinct differences. Understanding these differences is crucial for anyone looking to pursue a career in either field.

The controversy over the invention of calculus between Newton and Leibniz is still mired in deep conflict.

Calculus is a branch of mathematics that explores variables. The names of two mathematicians of Europe are usually discussed in the seventeenth century.  One of them is Sir Isaac Newton and the other is Godfried Leibniz but who is ahead of the two?  Who invented the outstanding method of calculus before? Although there is a lot of technical poin of views about this debate this. Newton had started with his analytical method of fluxions in the 1670s, while Leibniz had developed his theories in a range of letters and papers.

Newton followed the geometric approach in Principia, published in 1687. He has been working since the age of twenty-three. Newton published his edition by part in 1693 and full part in 1704. According to the publication, Newton lagged behind because Leibniz began working on the subject in 1674 and published the first research paper on calculus in 1684.

No matter what Newton writes in the Principia, the success of the invention of calculus is not explicitly discussed in any research paper.  Later, Newton's notation did not prevail, Leibniz's notation was adopted.  However, Leibniz cannot be considered as an inventor.  The charge against him was that he got the initial idea about calculus by looking at Newton's work.  Historians of science have also given some evidence about this.

There is evidence. On the other hand, correspondence showing that both Newton and Leibniz knew about each other's work.

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

Newton had started with his analytical method of fluxions in the 1670s but moved away from this to focus on first and ultimate ratios, while Leibniz had developed his theories in a range of letters and papers. As Bertoloni Meli argues (1993), on one level, there was relatively little difference between the Leibnizian calculus and Newton’s analytical calculus, a view with which Guicciardini (1999) concurs, pointing out that both men had similar approaches to the existence of infinitesimals. However, Newton and Leibniz, the two opposition parties, they don’t think so much during the conflict. They tried to establish his dignity in any way. Newton's side was relatively strong by few learned mathematicians. Leibniz's side was weaker than his. This antagonism between the British Newton and the German Leibniz made the last few years of Leibniz's life bitter.

Sir Isaac Newton

But the most surprising thing was that at that time The Royal Society of England abandoned all neutrality and came down in support of Newton. When Leibniz sent a letter to the Society about his own success, the Society's authorities gave Newton the task of judging, considering, and reporting on it and then Newton put forward his own invention. Although the controversy over the discovery of calculus between Newton and Leibniz  is still mired in deep conflict.

Who actually invented wireless telegraphy, Jagadish Chandra Bose or Marconi

The question remains!!!

They have faced conflicts in many ways, first as Indians and then as Bengalis. Shouldn't Jagadish Chandra Bose have rights on the Nobel Prize that Marconi won in 1909 jointly with Karl Ferdinand Braun? Who invented wireless telegraphy in 1895 and what is the actual history behind the invention of wireless telegraph? Isn't that honor that Marconi got for the development of wireless telegraphy using the theory of Jagadish Chandra Bose? Isn't ? Even today, many people listen to this debate and ask, what exactly did Jagadish Chandra Bose make that Marconi get success using his theory? The question remains.

Image of Jagadish Chandra Bose

Who is Jagadish Chandra Bose and what is the contribution of him?

Coherer receiver, by Guglielmo Marconi, 1896

He was the first scientist who discover that plants have the same life cycle as living organisms, they also give rise to excitement. He proved that trees can feel pain. He invented the crescograph to analyze and understand the effectiveness of various stimuli in plants. The science behind capturing radio waves is first demonstrated by Jagadish Chandra Bose. He wrote two books: ‘Response in the Living and Non-living’ and ‘The Nervous Mechanism of Plants’. He also conducted research on radio waves. He improved an instrument called the Coherer that was used to detect radio waves. This is the contribution of Jagadish Chandra Bose. In December 1895  the british magazine, The Electrician, praised this Coherer instrument. In April 1899, The Proceedings of The Royal Society published Jagadish Chandra Bose's research paper.

The circuit of a coherer receiver

But now, Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose’s place in history has been re-evaluated by IEEE, and is credited with the invention of the world’s first wireless detection device. Marking the 100th anniversary of the diode and the 50th anniversary of the transistor, a special issue of the New York-based Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers (IEEE), made out a definitive case for Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose, the Indian biologist and physicist.

Bose’s wireless demonstration was remarkable for a couple of reasons. First, it was two years before Marconi’s first public demonstrations of wireless telegraphy in England. Also Marconi was interested in commercializing, Bose’s interest was purely academic. Bose refused to patent nearly all of his inventions that would spring from his tiny workshop, on the principle that ideas should be shared freely.

 

History:

He never patented his work. While Marconi was celebrating his discovery, Bose was unknown to many, as he never patented his work. He developed a component of the electrical circuit that could be used to receive radio signals Uninterruptedly. This device is called Coherer. Before the invention of Jagadish Chandra Bose, all the coherer that was available in the market had a flaw. Once the electromagnetic signal was received, it took some time to return again to a functional state. There was nothing fault of the Coherer system, which he make in U-shaped tube using mercury and iron. In December 1895  the british magazine, The Electrician, praised this  instrument. In April 1899, The Proceedings of The Royal Society published Jagadish Chandra Bose's research paper.

Image of Marconi with coherer

Interestingly again, Jagdish Chandra's notebook was mysteriously lost during a visit to London the same year. There was a perfect explanation about this coherer. But Marconi said that he knew nothing about it. He received the coherer from a Lieutenant of the Italian Navy and his childhood friend Luigi Solari. Prabir Bandyopadhyay, a Bengali technologist at The Johnson Space Center in Houston, wrote a great article on this subject. It was published in The Proceedings of IEEE, a world-renowned organization in New York. The full name of the company is Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers. Prabir Bandyopadhyay in his long article of twenty-seven pages shows that Marconi skillfully played hide and seek with his coherer. This Italian technologist did not reveal the actual information.